PUBLICATIONS
Dr. Madácsy László - publicatons
Authors: Dr. Madácsy László
Dr. Madácsy László - idézhető előadás kivonatok és folyóirat közlemények.
Published contributions to academic conferences (abstracts): 163
In extenso Pubications (folyóirat közlemények): 43
Összesített impact faktor: 69,323
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Video manometry of the sphincter of Oddi: a new aid for interpreting manometric tracings and excluding manometric artefacts.
Authors: Madácsy L, Middelfart HV, Matzen P, Funch-Jensen P.
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry (ESOM) allows direct assessment of motor function in the sphincter of Oddi. However, variations in examination conditions and duodenal motility may have a critical effect on the results of ESOM. The aim of the present study was to develop a new method sphincter of Oddi video manometry-based on simultaneous ESOM and real-time endoscopic image analysis, and to investigate the usefulness of video manometry for detecting manometric artefacts during ESOM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seven consecutive patients who had undergone cholecystectomy and were referred with a suspicion of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction were investigated. Sphincter of Oddi pressure and endoscopic images (20 frames/s) were recorded simultaneously on a Synectics PC Polygraf computer system with a time-correlated basis, and then compared. RESULTS: On ESOM, 69 sphincter of Oddi phasic contractions were identified, with an average amplitude of 153.9+/-85.0 mm Hg and a duration of 7.9+/-1.2 seconds. Visual analysis of the real-time endoscopic images, replayed in cine loop by the computer, revealed 236 separate duodenal contractions, with an average frequency of 3.5+/-2.4/min (range: 1-12/min). On the ESOM tracing, 78% of the duodenal contractions had a corresponding pressure wave with an average duration of 2.8+/-0.4 seconds and an amplitude of 71.9+/-16.7 mm Hg. Other artefacts on the ESOM tracings, such as catheter movements, pseudocontractions, hyperventilation, or retching, were also easily recognized using simultaneous ESOM and real-time endoscopic image analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Video manometry of the sphincter of Oddi is a promising new method for improving the analysis and documentation of ESOM tracings. It has several advantages over the conventional technique, allowing visual detection of duodenal activity and enabling enhanced recognition of other manometric artefacts.
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Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy and endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: assessment of flow-pressure relationship in the biliary tract.
Authors: Madácsy L, Middelfart HV, Matzen P, Hojgaard L, Funch-Jensen P.
OBJECTIVE: In the present study, the diagnostic efficacy of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy (QHBS) was compared with that of endoscopic sphincter of Oddi (SO) manometry (ESOM) in patients with a suspected SO dysfunction (SOD) of biliary type II or III. METHODS: Twenty cholecystectomized patients with SOD biliary types II and III were investigated by QHBS and by ESOM. Twenty asymptomatic cholecystectomized patients served as controls for scintigraphy. ESOM was performed by applying the station pull-through method. Then SO basal pressure and phasic contraction characteristics were determined. During QHBS, time-activity curves were generated, and the time-to-peak (Tmax), the half-time of excretion (T(1/2)), the duodenal appearance time (DAT) and the hilum-to-duodenum transit time (HDTT) were then calculated. At the 60th minute of QHBS, 5 ng/kg body weight/min caerulein was administered. RESULTS: In patients with SOD and elevated SO basal pressure (> 40 mmHg), QHBS parameters, such as Tmax and T(1/2) calculated from regions of interest over the hepatic hilum and common bile duct, HDTT and DAT proved to be significantly increased compared to controls: 28.7 +/- 4.3 versus 21.1 +/- 4.6 min, 39.7 +/- 15.4 versus 18.8 +/- 2.6 min, 9.0 +/- 3.6 versus 2.3 +/- 1.3 min and 27.1 +/- 4.9 versus 16.6 +/- 3.0 min, respectively. In contrast, in patients with SOD and normal SO basal pressure, QHBS parameters did not differ significantly from the controls. For the pooled data on the symptomatic patients with SOD, a statistically significant linear correlation was found between the SO basal pressure and the QHBS parameters. Although HDTT was the most sensitive scintigraphic parameter (89%), the combined sensitivity and specificity of Tmax and T(1/2) of the common bile duct reached 100%. No scintigraphic sign of a paradoxical response to cholecystokinin was detected. CONCLUSIONS: QHBS is a useful non-invasive diagnostic method for the selection of SOD patients with an elevated SO basal pressure. A significant correlation has been established between the trans-papillary bile flow measured by QHBS and the SO basal pressure determined by ESOM.
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Scintigraphic sign of functional biliary obstruction is pathognomic for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
Authors: Bertalan V, Madácsy L, Pávics L, Lonovics J.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy (QHBS) is a valuable method for the detection of a low-grade biliary obstruction in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunction (SOD), though the relatively low specificity of this noninvasive test has been criticized. The aim of the present study was a critical assessment of the diagnostic value of glyceryl trinitrate-augmented QHBS in patients with suspected SOD. METHODOLOGY: Glyceryl trinitrate-augmented QHBS and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed on 27 cholecystectomized patients with suspected SOD. RESULTS: In 14 patients the ERCP depicted organic causes of biliary obstruction (choledocholithasis, juxtapapillary diverticulum, Vater papilla adenoma and common bile duct stenosis). In 12 of the 13 patients with inconclusive ERCP, endoscopic SO manometry demonstrated an elevated SO basal pressure. In patients with manometrically confirmed SOD, glyceryl trinitrate administration significantly increased the radioactive bile transit into the duodenum and normalized the QHBS parameters. In contrast, the 14 patients with an organic biliary obstruction glyceryl trinitrate administration had no effect on the transpapillary bile flow. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, glyceryl trinitrate-augmented QHBS is a specific method in the diagnosis of SOD, proving the functional reversibility of the biliary obstruction.
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Analysis of the motor function of the human sphincter of Oddi by endoscopic retrograde cinecholangiography gated by manometry--a report of a case.
Authors: Madácsy L, Matzen P, Funch-Jensen P.
Although the motor function of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) has been clearly identified by endoscopic SO manometry (ESOM), the physiologic role of the phasic contractions of the SO remains unsettled in humans. The aim of this study was to correlate SO motor activity measured by ESOM with bile flow characteristics determined by simultaneously recorded endoscopic retrograde cinecholangiography. We investigated a 55-year-old female patient by means of ESOM. During the station pull-through recording, the ESOM catheter was withdrawn into the SO zone and retained there for 15 min. The pressures transmitted by the external transducers and the enlarged video picture of the choledochoduodenal junction from the X-ray fluoroscopic monitor (25 digital pictures/sec) were recorded simultaneously on the computer system with a time-correlated basis. During the analysis without taking note of the cinefluoroscopic events, we selected different manometric periods manually, such as the pressure wave of the SO phasic contraction, no SO phasic activity and the first second of the beginning of the next phasic contraction. Cumulative cinecholangiographic pictures were then constructed by the computer for each period, at a frequency of one frame/sec to create representative sum-of-pictures for each manometric period. By means of the application of manometrically gated cinecholangiography, we succeeded in demonstrating an exact time correlation between the SO systolic and diastolic movements on cinecholangiography and the pressure recording detected by ESOM in humans.
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Diagnosis of gallbladder dyskinesia by quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy.
Authors: Szepes A, Bertalan V, Várkonyi T, Pávics L, Lonovics J, Madácsy L.
AIM: The aim of the present study was to develop a new pharmacologic method during hepatobiliary scintigraphy by which patients with functional and organic forms of gallbladder (GB) dysfunction can be differentiated. METHODS: Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy (QHBS) was performed on 31 patients with impaired GB motility selected by cerulein-augmented ultrasonography. Nineteen patients had acalculous biliary pain (ABP) and suspected GB dyskinesia, 6 patients had celiac disease, and 6 patients had type II diabetes mellitus. Sixty minutes after the isotope administration, 1 ng/bwkg/min cerulein (CCK10) was infused for 10 minutes, and then from the 90th minute, an equivalent dose of CCK10 was infused in the presence of 0.5 mg sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in 12 or placebo in 7 consecutive patients. The GB ejection fraction (GBEF) was calculated repeatedly in time periods from 60 to 90 and from 90 to 120 minutes. RESULTS: In the majority of patients with ABP and suspected GB dyskinesia, CCK10 and GTN coadministration normalized the previously impaired GB-emptying. When the cumulative results of all 12 patients were calculated, we demonstrated significant differences (P=0.003) in the GBEF between the first (CCK10) versus the second (CCK10 plus GTN) stimuli: 19+/-11% versus 40+/-17%, respectively. In contrast, in 12 patients with celiac sprue and diabetes mellitus, no differences in the GBEF were detected when the first (CCK10 alone) versus the second (CCK10 plus GTN) stimuli was compared: 21+/-10% versus 22+/-13%, respectively. Finally, placebo and CCK10 coadministration in 7 consecutive patients with ABP and suspected GB dyskinesia did not influence the GBEF as compared with CCK10 alone: 13+/-9% versus 15+/-10%, respectively. CONCLUSION: GTN and CCK10 coadministration induces a significant improvement of the GBEF in patients with GB dyskinesia. The application of this new pharmacologic test during QHBS permitted the noninvasive separation of those patients with secondary impaired GB-emptying as a result of GB dyskinesia from those with primary forms of GB hypokinesia.
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Effect of nalbuphine on the motility of the sphincter of Oddi in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
Authors: Madácsy L, Bertalan V, Szepes A, Lonovics J.
BACKGROUND: Nalbuphine is an ideal supplementary analgesic drug for midazolam-induced conscious sedation during operative endoscopy because it has no cardiovascular effect and only a moderate depressive effect on respiration. However, no data are available as to whether nalbuphine is suitable as an analgesic drug during endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of nalbuphine on the sphincter of Oddi motility in patients with a suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. METHODS: Seventeen patients who were suspected clinically to have SOD after cholecystectomy were prospectively investigated. Five mg of midazolam was administered intravenously before the procedure to induce conscious sedation. After approximately 5 minutes of stationary sphincter of Oddi manometry recording (baseline), either 10 mg of nalbuphine or saline solution (placebo) was administered intravenously in random fashion and pressure was recorded for a further 5 minutes. Maximum sphincter of Oddi basal pressure and average phasic contraction amplitude and frequency were measured before and after the infusion of the drug or saline solution. RESULTS: Nalbuphine administration effectively enhanced the sedation obtained with midazolam without any adverse effect. When the sphincter of Oddi manometric periods before and after the administration of nalbuphine versus placebo were compared, there was a significantly increased basal sphincter of Oddi pressure only in the nalbuphine group: respectively, 49 (18) and 77 (29) mm Hg (p = 0.003) versus 51 (24) and 49 (23) mm Hg (p = 0.9). The phasic contraction amplitude did not change in response to nalbuphine, but the phasic contraction frequency increased significantly, from 5 (3) to 8 (4) per minute (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Nalbuphine has a stimulatory effect on sphincter of Oddi motility in patients with a suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Nalbuphine should not be used as premedication before endoscopic ERCP if sphincter of Oddi manometry is to be performed.
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Gallstone Ileus, Bouveret’s Syndrome and Choledocholithiasis in a Patient with Billroth II Gastrectomy – A Case Report of Combined Endoscopic and Surgical Therapy
Authors: R. Fejes, G. Kurucsai, A. Székely, F. Luka, Á. Altorjay, L. Madácsy
Intestinal obstruction due to gallstone is a rare, but quite severe gastrointestinal disorder, which always requires a rapid and correct diagnosis to achieve optimal therapy. Digestive endoscopy is an important method to determine the level of the bowel obstruction and to plan an optimal therapeutic strategy. Our present case demonstrates that in a high-risk patient, a combined endoscopic and surgical therapy is the best choice to solve the obstruction of the colon, of the stomach and of the common bile duct caused by multiple gallstones.
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Somatosensory hypersensitivity in the referred pain area in patients with chronic biliary pain and a sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: new aspects of an almost forgotten pathogenetic mechanism.
Authors: Kurucsai G, Joó I, Fejes R, Székely A, Székely I, Tihanyi Z, Altorjay A, Funch-Jensen P, Várkonyi T, Madácsy L.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Somatosensory hyperalgesia in the referred pain area (RPA) in patients with acute or chronic abdominal pain syndromes may result from the convergence of nerve fibers from visceral and somatic tissues at the spinal and supraspinal levels. Chronic biliary pain in patients with the postcholecystectomy syndrome (i.e., biliary hypersensitivity) may be explained by persistent hyperexcitability of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the cutaneous neural sensory perception in the RPA in patients with chronic postcholecystectomy biliary pain and a sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunction (SOD). METHODS: Forty-two patients with persistent biliary pain and suspected SOD, 27 age-matched healthy volunteers, and 18 age-matched asymptomatic cholecystectomized controls were prospectively investigated by quantitative sensory testing (Neurometer CPT). The biliary symptoms and the severity of pain were classified on a visual analog pain severity scale system via a previously validated and standardized questionnaire. The patients helped the doctors locate the RPA in the right upper quadrant. The sensory detection threshold was determined noninvasively (Neurometer CPT) with transcutaneous electrical stimulation at 5, 250, and 2,000 Hz, and different current intensities (range from 0.01 to 9.99 mA) applied in a single (patient) blinded method. These three frequencies selectively excite small unmyelinated (C fibers), small myelinated (A-delta), and large myelinated (A-beta) fibers, which transmit dull pain, sharp pain, and touch, respectively. The contralateral region of the abdomen left upper quadrant served as the control area. The sensory current perception threshold ratio (SCPTR) of the data measured in the contralateral area and the RPA was calculated. RESULTS: The SCPTRs in the definite SOD patients with biliary pain, healthy volunteers, the asymptomatic cholecystectomized controls, and the symptomatic cholecystectomized patients but without SOD were 2.32 +/- 1.4 versus 1.06 +/- 0.24 versus 0.97 +/- 0.16 versus 0.83 +/- 0.35 at 2,000 Hz; 2.19 +/- 1.0 versus 1.01 +/- 0.26 versus 1.02 +/- 0.25 versus 0.88 +/- 0.35 at 250 Hz; and 2.19 +/- 1.1 versus 1.12 +/- 0.26 versus 0.99 +/- 0.37 versus 0.84 +/- 0.32 at 5 Hz, respectively. Significant hypersensitivity was detected in the RPA at different stimulation frequencies in the SOD patients with biliary pain versus the cholecystectomized controls: at 5 Hz: P = 0.00001; at 250 Hz: P = 0.00001; and at 2,000 Hz: P = 0.0001, respectively. CONCLUSION: Continuous visceral pain (biliary pain) caused by local inflammatory/sensitizing processes or a CNS malfunction could lead to significant hypersensitivity of the peripheral nociceptive nerve fibers in SOD patients. Postcholecystectomy pain may be explained by persistent hyperexcitability of the nociceptive neurons in the CNS with or without objective motility disorders of the SO.
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Evaluation of the biliary tract in patients with functional biliary symptoms.
Authors: Funch-Jensen P, Drewes AM, Madácsy L.
The aim of this paper was to describe functional biliary syndromes and methods for evaluation of the biliary tract in these patients. Functional biliary symptoms can be defined as biliary symptoms without demonstrable organic substrate. Two main syndromes exist: Gallbladder dysfunction and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. The most important investigative tools are cholescintigraphy and endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry. In gallbladder dysfunction a scintigraphic gallbladder ejection fraction below 35% can select patients who will benefit from cholecystectomy. Endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry is considered the gold standard in sphincter of Oddi dysfunction but recent development in scintigraphic methods is about to change this. Thus, calculation of hilum-to-duodenum transit time and duodenal appearance time on cholescintigraphy have proven useful in these patients. In conclusion, ambient methods can diagnose functional biliary syndromes. However, there are still a number of issues where further knowledge is needed. Probably the next step forward will be in the area of sensory testing and impedance planimetric methods.
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Evaluation of results of the prostigmine-morphine test with quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy: a new method for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia.
Authors: Madácsy L, Velösy B, Lonovics J, Csernay L.
Attempts have long been made to use the
prostigmine-morphine provocation test for the selection
of postcholecystectomy patients suffering from sphincter
of Oddi (SO) dyskinesia. Since the whole procedure is
based upon the evaluation of subjective complaints, this
test has frequently been criticized. To improve the diagnostic
value of this method, we have visualized SO
spasms during prostigmine-morphine provocation by
means of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy
(QHBS). Twenty-two cholecystectomized patients with
typical postprandial biliary pain were included in this
study. In the first series of studies, QHBS with technetium-
99m 2,6-diethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl-diacetic
acid was performed in each patient 2 days before prostigmine-
morphine provocation. The time to peak activity
(Tmax) and the half-time of excretion (T1/2) over the liver
parenchyma (LP), hepatic hilum (HH) and common bile
duct (CBD), and the duodenum appearance time (DAT),
were determined and served as control values. In the
second series-of experiments, sphincter spasms were
evoked by prostigmine-morphine administration and visualized
by means of QHBS. The same parameters were
evaluated and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase
(AST) were determined simultaneously at regular intervals.
In 12 patients who responded to prostigmine-morphine
provocation with typical biliary pain and a significant
AST elevation (Nardi positive group) the hepatobiliary
scintigram demonstrated a marked biliary obstruction.
Tma x and Ta/2 over the LP, HH and CBD were significantly
increased, while DAT was significantly longer
relative to the corresponding data obtained without provocation.
Four of the remaining ten patients indicated
atypical abdominal pain during prostigmine-morphine
provocation, but the AST level remained unchanged in
all ten (Nardi negative group). In this group, QHBS revealed
a slower, but free transpapillary flow of the tracer: although T1/2 over the LP, HH and CBD appeared to
be significantly higher than without provocation, Tmax
did not change and an obstructive pattern was not detected
on the hepatobiliary scintigram. When QHBS parameters
determined during prostigmine-morphine provocation
were compared for the Nardi positive and Nardi
negative groups, with the exception of Tma x over the LP
they were significantly different. QHBS combined with
the prostigmine-morphine provocation test proved to be
a useful non-invasive method for the detection of pathological
sphincter spasms in patients with SO dyskinesia.
Application of this method is therefore strongly recommended
in the diagnosis of SO dyskinesia.
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